Something I read from Jim Wendler that was very enlightening (even though I don’t eat this way), was that he said how he structured his food intake whether he was trying to gain or lose weight.
He would eat 3 food meals a day along with 3 protein shakes either way. If he was trying to lose weight, he would drink the shakes ahead of his meals with plenty of water to help curb his appetite so he could eat less food & still be satisfied. When bulking, he would eat as much food as he reasonably could, then have a shake soon after to tuck the extra drinkable calories in - you can always pound a shake if you absolutely have to.
This probably resulted in way more protein than he needed when gaining, but follows the same principle as being able to eat dessert even when you are full, without leaning on foods that are bad for you.