The best piece of info I have found on water so far..in your log..for all. Hope you dont mind me adding..it is the ****.
There were a lot of references in this but I didn’t ask the girl I had type it to add them…this was all taken from a sports nutrition book that I have..a few years old..written by Dr. Colgan of the Colgan Institute. Enjoy! There may be a few typo errors…but be glad I found someone to type one of the chapters! Lol
A Hairy Bag of Water
Even your bones are a quarter water. The muscles that drive your performance are three-quarters water. The brain that steers your limbs is 76% water. The blood that carries your nutrients is 82% water. And the lungs that provide your oxygen are near 90% water. These basic facts of biochemistry emphasize the first nutrient in your quest for optimum performance. The most important nutrient in your body is plain water.
The quality of your tissues, their performance, and their resistance to injury, is absolutely dependent on the quality and quantity of the water you drink. And you have to drink it constantly. Light exercise in a temperate climate uses half a gallon of water a day in breath, sweat, and urine. Athletes in heavy training use over two gallons a day. A 165 lb athlete (75 kg) is mainly composed of 50 quarts of water. In heavy training, he has to replace all of it every six days.
You can replace your body water with any beverage. They are all mainly water, including milk, fruit juices, coffee, tea, even the thickest soup, even whole fruits and vegetables. But if you fail to do so, performance suffers immediately. Dehydrate a muscle by only 3% and you cause about a 10% loss of contractile strength and an 8% loss of speed. Performance literally dries up.
At the famous Human Performance Laboratory at Ball State University, Indiana, Dr. David Costill and colleagues, dehydrates athletes by just 2-3%. That’s 3-5 lb for a 165 lb man. Many athletes consider such a loss no big deal, because losses of 7-10 lb are common during marathons, even with regular drinking along the way. But when these lightly dehydrated athletes were made to run time trials at 1.500, a distance not usually thought to be affected by body water, they were 3% slower.
In the 10K, performance declined by a whopping 7%. For an elite athlete who can do this distance in under 30 minutes, that adds a huge 2 minutes to his time. At national level 10K competition, that would move you from winning to dead last. So if you want optimum performance, the unbreakable rule is: Continually top up your water.
And Not a Drop to Drink
But, and it’s a big but, you have to drink it clean. Clean water is a scarce commodity. Most faucet water in America is badly polluted. Yet many athletes who are careful at what food they put into their bodies, are careless about water. They will drink from public water fountains, from faucets at home and gym, or from gym coolers filtered only through a cheap carbon filter to make the water taste better.
Biochemical analyses of some of these athletes, done at the Colgan Institute, show they have been ingesting polluted fluids, thereby polluting muscles, organs, and brain. If you do the same, don’t expect to reach your potential. No high performance machine can operate at optimum with dirty lubricants.
Think I’m exaggerating? Today we tested the San Diego faucet water from our lab faucet (we test it each week). It registered 562 parts per million of contaminants. That’s about average. Some cities are a bit cleaner, some are a lot dirtier. Environmental Protection Agency figures show that about 85% of faucet water in America is now contaminated.
This contamination is beyond help. More than 55,000 of the regulated chemical dumps across the nation are leaking into the ground water. Even the best of these regulated dumps are leaking. At Los Alamos, for example, with every type of control you can think of, radioactive wastes have now migrated into other ground water, and have spread two miles from their dump.
If that’s the best that regulation can achieve, imagine the state of the estimated 200,000 illegal, unregulated dumps. Each year the EPA regulates disposal of 50j-60 million tons of toxic wastes. Yet the federal watchdog, the Office of Technology Assessment, reports that over 250 million tons are generated annually. Where do you think the bulk of that toxic waste is going?
No secret. You can’t incinerate it or dump it at sea – too visible. You can’t fire it into space – too expensive. Most of it is dumped illegally in pits, holes, and hollows, where it leaks deep into the aquifers to pollute the ground water for hundreds of miles around. If you drink any of it, don’t expect to excel at sports.
They Can’t Clean the Water
Don’t believe that water treatment authorities can protect you. In response to a critical article by the Colgan Institute that got wide publicity, our local authority sent is a thick wad of computer readouts showing negligible levels of 35 different chemicals that they tested for. I hated to remind them that there are more than 60,000 chemical contaminants of water. Any municipal water supply is likely to harbor at least a thousand. The Office of Technology Assessment reports a test of the water supplies of 954 cities, showing that almost 30% of them are “seriously contaminated”.
Water authorities do what they can, but it is far too expensive to make our tap water healthy enough to drink. Only a tiny fraction is drunk in any case. Most goes down the plug in bathroom, laundry, and kitchen.
So our tap water is treated only to minimum standards, by sedimentation, filtration, chemical conditioning, and disinfection with chlorine. The toxic metals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, they are all still in there when if comes out of your tap. So are the 50 or so chemicals used in the water treatment. So are the dead bacteria killed by the chlorine. So are the carcinogenic trihalomathanes from the chlorine itself that are unknown to cause liver and colorectal cancers. Oh, tap water will not kill you, or even make you obviously sick, but there is no way your body can function properly on poisons.
One telling example is a runner we were training for the last Olympics. After good training progress all winter in San Diego, in spring he moved to the altitude of Denver, to gain those extra oxygen carrying blood cells that come from training above 4,000 feet. After a couple of months, training bombed.
His health was good and all blood tests were normal. But his hair showed arsenic levels of 11.4 ppm. Normal arsenic levels in hair run less than 2 ppm. We finally traced it to the tap water which came from a local “deep, pure” well. The well was slightly polluted with arsenic, probably from weed killer run off from adjacent farm land.
His daily dose of arsenic was tiny, but effects on performance were profound. We switched him to bottled distilled water and he slowly returned to top form. But not in time for the Olympic Trials. By dint of dirty water, he missed his shot. Don’t let it happen to you.
Buying Clean Water
Bottled water is booming, with 350 American companies producing 425 brands. Imports add another 35 brands. Most people believe that the Food and Drug Administration carefully regulates this industry because it sells the most important nutrient in the human body. No way! Beyond simple hygiene, the bottled water industry is almost entirely self-regulated.
Why? Because most bottled water is simply tap water put through minimal conditioning filters to make it taste better. That’s why it’s so profitable. Brands called “Mineral Waters” may have a modicum of minerals added. And “Sparkling Mineral Waters”, seltzers, and club sodas also have carbonation added. But they are all just tap water with most of its contaminants still in there. Brands labeled “Spring Water” legally have to be from a spring, unless the words are a brand name, or part of a brand name. Then they are just tap water.
There is nothing intrinsically wonderful about springs anyway. They are never pure water. Springs contain all kinds of organic matter and often some very toxic materials. I know several springs in the Grand Canyon National Park that look as pure as new snow, but contain enough natural arsenic to kill you outright. Not a far-fetched example. Dr. Joseph Weissman at UCLA Medical School reports a test of bottled Appollinaris water imported from West Germany, showing excessive levels of selenium and cobalt, and a level of arsenic that exceeded the EPA standards by 6000%.
FDA regulations do not require water bottlers to test their wares for many minerals, or for the huge variety of other toxic contaminants likely to be present. Remember the Perrier fiasco? Perrier voluntarily withdrew its whole American stock, 72 million bottles, because traces of benzene got into ozone batch from a faulty filter. The company acted very responsibly, but the public was appalled. Benzene is in drinking water!
I have news for you. The FDA does not require bottled water companies even to test for benzene, or for a variety of other solvent hydrocarbons that may in the water. One bottling plant I toured two years ago, began each morning bottling cycle without any testing to see whether the solvents used to clean the system the night before had been properly flushed out. That company has since been cited for selling contaminated water.
Bottled distilled waters are the only clean bottled source. Virtually everything is removed from the water by steam distillation. Seven brands we have tested run from 2-12 ppm contaminants. That’s about as clean as you can get.
Contrast those figures with typical faucet water at 350-1000 ppm contaminants. Whenever you drink the usual run of bottled water (essentially faucet water), these contaminants build into every cell of your body. If you aim to achieve top performance, stick to distilled.
Clean Your Own Water
The uncertainties and cost of bottled water have persuaded many sensible people to clean their faucet water at home. But most systems sold in this lucrative market by supermarkets, mail order, or pyramid marketing schemes, are pretty well useless. Those we have tested at the Colgan Institute remove only some of the larger particles, above 5 microns in diameter (1/5000th of an inch). The molecules of many chemicals, pesticides, and toxic metals are much smaller than that, and pass through the filter as it wasn’t there.
A big advance is the new four-step reverse osmosis system, using Kodak’s cellulose triacetate (CTA) membranes. They can remove up to 97% of contaminants. The Colgan Institute has tested one of these systems for more than a year. For water that starts at 500 ppm contaminants (a common level for city water), the system produces water at 20-40 ppm contaminants.
Seeing the growing market for its membranes, Kodak itself has now entered the water cleaning business. It has just introduced an under sink system, linked to your water line, that feeds up to 25 gallons of purified water per day to a custom faucet. It is rated to remove 95% of contaminants, and sells for about $600.
But reverse osmosis is not the best method. Far and away the cleanest water ibis produced by the new home distillers. Unlike the older models that required frequent cleaning and manual attention, and lasted only 2-3 years, the latest distillers are no more trouble than your house furnace, and give constant clean water to faucets placed wherever you need them. They are built to last at least a decade.
One of the best is the Pure Water A-12 system produced by Pure Water Inc., of Lincoln, Nebraska (402) 467-9300. We have been running and testing one of them continuously for over a year, producing 12 gallons of clean water per day. With entry water of 500 ppm contaminants, it yields water of 10-12 ppm. That’s whistle clean H2O.
Some folk object to this purity, complaining that the very emptiness of clean water causes it to leach minerals from the body. They have no understanding of basic biochemistry. As soon as you drink it, water becomes a soupy mixture with all the contents of your gut. On absorption through the intestinal wall, the mixture immediately blends with your body fluids and becomes part of you. There is no physiological way it can suck minerals out.
Other folk claim that, although it may not leach minerals, distilled water does not contain the essential minerals found in the ground water. They point to studies showing lower rates of heart disease in areas with hard water, that is, water with lots of minerals. They are dead wrong. It is not the water people drink in those areas that prevents heart disease, it is the food they eat that is grown there.
If you relied on water or your minerals, would be sadly lacking. It is the growing produce that takes up the water and concentrates its minerals, that provides most of your mineral requirements. The calcium content of a one-cup serving of pumpkin, for example, is about 80 mg if the pumpkin is grown in an area with 60 ppm calcium in the water. The calcium content of a cupful of the water itself is less than 10 mg. World authority on minerals, Dr Eric Underwood of the University of Western Australia, states it plainly, “Plant materials provide the main source of minerals to animals and to most members of the human race.”
So use pure water simply for what it is, the main component of your body. What you need to know next, is how much water to use for peak performance, and when. That’s all in Chapter 3. --She will type this for us too..woohoo!