I have had this debate before. The age old question:
What's better, single set or multi-set training?
The research doesn't really say what a bodybuilder wants to hear. Most of the initial studies were done with weight lifting novices, and those studies showed that people who followed a single set protocol improved in strength just as much as the people who followed a multi-set protocol. For a while we could just look back at those studies and say, "OF COURSE NOVICES ARE GOING TO IMPROVE! IT WON'T MATTER HOW THEY TRAIN!" Then a study was conducted with experienced weight lifters - same procedure (single vs multi set). This study, suprisingly, revealed similar results.
A couple of typical ACSM studies on the issue:
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He also told me that by doing one set per muscle group you get 80% of your value, 2 sets 15% and 3 sets 5%.
I have also heard this. With greater volume training, we attain greater improvement up to a point where extra sets just don't do anything. Well, why not put the above percentages into perspective. Imagine a guy bench pressing, and trying his hardest to add poundage to the lift. The guy doing sets with 100lbs will improve an extra 5% by doing a 3rd set than the guy who does 2 sets. In theory he will gain an extra 5lbs on his bench with his next 1RM. Not very dramatic. With greater poundages, that 5% benefit adds up. The guy that does sets with 200 lbs improves 10 lbs on his next 1RM. The guy that does sets with 300 lbs improves 15 lbs on his next 1RM. I know that doesn't actually happen, as we exhibit less and less improvement as we progress to elite levels of fitness.
The bottom line is this: When being strong is your business, the small percentage improvements seen with greater training volume are vital. The olympian that lifts 1 more pound than his peers wins a gold medal.
That being said, I don't think the natural athlete can stay at a high volume training routine over his lifespan without risking chronic injury to his joints. It might not be a bad idea to cycle through periods of lower training volume (like 1 set or 2 sets) during some parts of the year just to preserve our bodies in the long run. I read this YESTERDAY and it really has me thinking:
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