Starting this thread for a healthy debate about Ecklonia Cava Extract. There is one from 2010, but it's only 1 page and there is much more to discuss about this extract then in that thread. EC is one of the main ingredients in a very popular supp known 'round here as FD2 (which I'm very much looking forward to trying sometime). But I'd like to discuss just EC by itself as there are many FD2 threads, all positive btw.
I'll start with an article I found and we'll go from there. From all that I've read on this extract, it might fall into the category of daily staple for all it's purported benefits...
From Ortho Nutrition's website
Ecklonia cava is a form of edible brown algae (seaweed) that grows at a depth of about 100 feet in the ocean off of the coasts of Korea and Japan. It is a potent, fat soluble antioxidant (40% fat soluble, making it a fat and water-soluble antioxidant) that has been recognized as a rich source of bioactive derivatives (primarily, phlorotannins). These phlorotannins exhibit various beneficial biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anti-hypertensive, matrix metalloproteinase enzyme inhibition, hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition, radioprotective, and anti-allergic activities. [12]
Due to the partial fat solubility of ecklonia cava, its polyphenols can last from 12 to 14 hours in human metabolism, whereas most plant-based tannins have a small half-life of approximately 30 minutes. In addition to a significantly longer half-life, ecklonia cava's Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) value for anti-oxidation potential is 8,300; much higher than land-based polyphenols. These traits make ecklonia cava one of the most powerful and versatile plant tannins in existence, providing benefits such as cortisol regulation, lower blood pressure, increase in growth hormone levels, and lower triglycerides.
Ecklonia cava makes up a complex structure of phenolic molecules that possess very potent electron (free radical) absorbing mechanisms. Numerous health-promoting metabolic effects have been observed in extensive scientific tests (in-vitro, in-vivo animal model tests, and human clinical studies) from extracts of ecklonia cava. Additionally, ecklonia cava has been found to be the most powerful inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), an enzyme responsible for collagen degradation that can result in wrinkle formation amongst other detriments. The polyphenol structure of ecklonia cava has an interconnected phenolic ring structure that is capable of trapping 10 to 100 times the free radicals of either green tea or resveratrol extracts. [1]
Ecklonia cava possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity via COX-2 and iNOS, MAP kinase, NF-kappaB pathways, and through the suppression of cytokine signaling. [2], [3], [4], [5]
It also offers protective effects of enzymatic digest against high glucose-induced oxidative stress. [6]
It's been demonstrated that ecklonia cava may also help to improve glucose regulation by possessing antibacterial activity. For example, the eckol fraction of Ecklonia cava shows excellent antibacterial activity against all bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. [7]
Further research has demonstrated that ecklonia cava assists in increasing trans-cranial blood flow, providing a potent release in alpha brain waves and parasympathetic nerve response. This creates a heightened sense of relaxation and mental alertness. Animal research shows a positive increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), noripenepherine, and serotonin levels, which may be why a large number of human users report improved sleep. [8]
Ecklonia Cava has also been shown to possess potent anti-DGAT activity. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is an enzyme that catalyzes triacylgycerol in adipocytes. The current scientific hypothesis is that if DGAT were to be inhibited, it may potentially help with obesity. It is for this reason that DGAT-inhibitors are being explored as drug targets for assistance with obesity. However, pharmaceutical drugs that possess anti-DGAT activity also come with a risk of multiple side-effects, whereas ecklonia cava has demonstrated effective anti-DGAT activity with little to no side-effects.
Below are a number of positive benefits that have been shown to be attributed to ecklonia cava in scientific tests and studies:
Ecklonia cava helps to prevent premature wrinkling by increasing the enzyme activity of elastase. [9]
Ecklonia cava offers influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitory activity, and showed extremely high NA-inhibitory activity (72.1% inhibition at 30 µg/mL). [10]
Ecklonia cava protects against lethal irradiation by accelerating hemopoiesis (process of making blood) and by curtailing immunosuppression. [11]
Ecklonia cava possesses anti-hypertensive (anti-blood pressure) effects such as the inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and an inducible effect on the production of Nitric Oxide (NO) without having cytotoxic effect. [13]
References:
[1]. Life Sci. 2006 Sep 5;79(15):1436-43
[2]. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Jun;48(6):1682-7.
[3]. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 May 27;57(10):4439-46.
[4]. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Feb;47(2):410-7.
[5]. Biomed Pharmacother. 2008 Jun;62(5):289-96.
[6]. J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Jan 30;90(2):349-56.
[7]. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2010 Apr;7(4):435-41.
[8]. JP Renew | Renewed Health From The Sea
[9]. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Aug;29(8):1735-9.
[10]. J Agric Food Chem. 2011 May 17
[11]. Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Oct;86(10):848-59
[12]. Biofactors. 2010 Nov-Dec;36(6):408-14.
[13]. Nutr Res Pract. 2011 Apr;5(2):93-100
I'll start with an article I found and we'll go from there. From all that I've read on this extract, it might fall into the category of daily staple for all it's purported benefits...
From Ortho Nutrition's website
Ecklonia cava is a form of edible brown algae (seaweed) that grows at a depth of about 100 feet in the ocean off of the coasts of Korea and Japan. It is a potent, fat soluble antioxidant (40% fat soluble, making it a fat and water-soluble antioxidant) that has been recognized as a rich source of bioactive derivatives (primarily, phlorotannins). These phlorotannins exhibit various beneficial biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anti-hypertensive, matrix metalloproteinase enzyme inhibition, hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition, radioprotective, and anti-allergic activities. [12]
Due to the partial fat solubility of ecklonia cava, its polyphenols can last from 12 to 14 hours in human metabolism, whereas most plant-based tannins have a small half-life of approximately 30 minutes. In addition to a significantly longer half-life, ecklonia cava's Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) value for anti-oxidation potential is 8,300; much higher than land-based polyphenols. These traits make ecklonia cava one of the most powerful and versatile plant tannins in existence, providing benefits such as cortisol regulation, lower blood pressure, increase in growth hormone levels, and lower triglycerides.
Ecklonia cava makes up a complex structure of phenolic molecules that possess very potent electron (free radical) absorbing mechanisms. Numerous health-promoting metabolic effects have been observed in extensive scientific tests (in-vitro, in-vivo animal model tests, and human clinical studies) from extracts of ecklonia cava. Additionally, ecklonia cava has been found to be the most powerful inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), an enzyme responsible for collagen degradation that can result in wrinkle formation amongst other detriments. The polyphenol structure of ecklonia cava has an interconnected phenolic ring structure that is capable of trapping 10 to 100 times the free radicals of either green tea or resveratrol extracts. [1]
Ecklonia cava possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity via COX-2 and iNOS, MAP kinase, NF-kappaB pathways, and through the suppression of cytokine signaling. [2], [3], [4], [5]
It also offers protective effects of enzymatic digest against high glucose-induced oxidative stress. [6]
It's been demonstrated that ecklonia cava may also help to improve glucose regulation by possessing antibacterial activity. For example, the eckol fraction of Ecklonia cava shows excellent antibacterial activity against all bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. [7]
Further research has demonstrated that ecklonia cava assists in increasing trans-cranial blood flow, providing a potent release in alpha brain waves and parasympathetic nerve response. This creates a heightened sense of relaxation and mental alertness. Animal research shows a positive increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), noripenepherine, and serotonin levels, which may be why a large number of human users report improved sleep. [8]
Ecklonia Cava has also been shown to possess potent anti-DGAT activity. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is an enzyme that catalyzes triacylgycerol in adipocytes. The current scientific hypothesis is that if DGAT were to be inhibited, it may potentially help with obesity. It is for this reason that DGAT-inhibitors are being explored as drug targets for assistance with obesity. However, pharmaceutical drugs that possess anti-DGAT activity also come with a risk of multiple side-effects, whereas ecklonia cava has demonstrated effective anti-DGAT activity with little to no side-effects.
Below are a number of positive benefits that have been shown to be attributed to ecklonia cava in scientific tests and studies:
Ecklonia cava helps to prevent premature wrinkling by increasing the enzyme activity of elastase. [9]
Ecklonia cava offers influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitory activity, and showed extremely high NA-inhibitory activity (72.1% inhibition at 30 µg/mL). [10]
Ecklonia cava protects against lethal irradiation by accelerating hemopoiesis (process of making blood) and by curtailing immunosuppression. [11]
Ecklonia cava possesses anti-hypertensive (anti-blood pressure) effects such as the inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and an inducible effect on the production of Nitric Oxide (NO) without having cytotoxic effect. [13]
References:
[1]. Life Sci. 2006 Sep 5;79(15):1436-43
[2]. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Jun;48(6):1682-7.
[3]. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 May 27;57(10):4439-46.
[4]. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Feb;47(2):410-7.
[5]. Biomed Pharmacother. 2008 Jun;62(5):289-96.
[6]. J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Jan 30;90(2):349-56.
[7]. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2010 Apr;7(4):435-41.
[8]. JP Renew | Renewed Health From The Sea
[9]. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Aug;29(8):1735-9.
[10]. J Agric Food Chem. 2011 May 17
[11]. Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Oct;86(10):848-59
[12]. Biofactors. 2010 Nov-Dec;36(6):408-14.
[13]. Nutr Res Pract. 2011 Apr;5(2):93-100