DOMS is associated with microtrauma to the muscles,with disrupted Z discs,myofibrils and plasma membranes (causing arachidonic acid levels to diminish,which are associated with "training stagnation", or a declining ability to stimulate muscle growth,
strength gains, and DOMS following exercise) & with elevated levels of myoglobin,creatine kinase and lactate dehydroginase in the blood.
Arachidonic acid is the principle building block for the synthesis of dienolic
prostaglandins including PGE2 and PGF2. These prostaglandins are intimately involved
with protein synthesis and muscle hypertrophy after exercise (2,3). Arachidonic acid is
specifically correlated with amplified IGF-1 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor) signaling (4),
enhanced satellite cell activation and proliferation (5), increased muscle cell regeneration
and repair (6), enhanced androgen receptor synthesis (7), increased Nitric Oxide formation
(8), and improved insulin sensitivity (9). Other benefits include possible long-term
improvements in vascularity via stimulation of angiogenesis (blood vessel regeneration) in
trained muscles (10), PPAR beta/delta agonist properties, which increase uncoupling
proteins for a thermogenic effect (11), and inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (12),
which is strongly correlated with negative nutrient partitioning in humans; paving the way
for AA to improve body composition (lean vs. fat mass). On top of all this, arachidonic acid
inhibits resistin (13).
The optimal dosage may vary with each individual and their particular goals. Use typically
ranges from 75mg-250mg per day for long-term supplementation and anabolic support, to
as much as 500mg-1000mg per day for a more rapid anabolic effect. During use some
people notice increased muscle soreness, sore joints, headaches, or insomnia. Most users
do not notice any significant side effects.