so then 1g in the am. and 2g pre w.o of free base would work out great? i use gplc and it sometimes give me stomach upset. esp when i drink coffee around the same time.
It has been established that muscle free carnitine availability may be limiting to fat oxidation during high intensity submaximal exercise. Furthermore, increasing muscle total carnitine content in resting healthy humans (via insulin-mediated stimulation of muscle carnitine transport) reduces muscle glycolysis, increases glycogen storage and is accompanied by an apparent increase in fat oxidation.
Huh? What do you mean?:gotsearch
Google, possibly?
L-carnitine works similar to creatine in the sense that it is saturated into the muscles. 2g a day will be enough to saturate.
The bioavailability of L-carnitine via orally, is terrible (<10%). To reap the benefits of beta oxidation an insulin spike is needed to transport L-carnitine into the muscles.
Francis B Stephens, Dumitru Constantin-Teodosiu, and Paul L Greenhaff. (2007), New insights concerning the role of carnitine in the regulation of fuel metabolism in skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology, 581, 431-444.
Then you will only get 10% of the total carnitine you ingest orally. A lot of it will be lost through the various pathways it must pass, such as first-pass metabolism. A drug must pass through the digestive system on to the liver. Many drugs are greatly consumed by the liver. Not every drug can bypass the liver completely, orally. It is a ratio of how many active ingredients actually make it pass the liver, thus revealing a positive effect of the drug. With an insulin spike, the liver is avoided, well depending on the volume of insulin. Anyways a greater ratio of active chemicals will surpass the liver. This is also why taking drugs on an empty stomach is so potent at times. (Although some drugs are best taken with food and are synergistic with metabolites)pardon the hijack, but if you are on a keto diet (no insulin spike) are there any benefits to carnitine?
It wasn't directed to you, sir.Huh? What do you mean?
which brand do you use? and at what dose / time of day?
Thanks m8
Brand: Nutraplanet Bulk
Dose: 1500-2200mg x3 daily. Usually in the morning, pre-workout, post-workout.
Sometimes I might throw in another dose somewhere depending on if I need a mental energy boost.
thanks m8. the cog effects would help on college tests? or more of energy for ed
oral is the only way to take carnitine right? or are there other methods.