I'll chime in, as I believe everybody is correct to a certain extent. As for protein consumption, I've read about pros on both ends, huge guys who eat 100 grams of protein when bulking, and somebody like Yates who ate 500 grams per day. So, yea, everybody will have a different response. As for protein being "wasted," it is true that the human body cannot store protein as such. If your body doesn't use it, it will lose it. However, protein is more thermogenic, that is it takes more energy to use protein as energy. In that respect, there is a "benefit" to higher protein. Also, the amount your body can use depends on many other things. When I first started this journey two years ago, I went on a "see food" diet. I gained 60 pounds, but plenty of fat. I cleaned up my diet and quickly dropped ten pounds of fat (not in a caloric deficit, however). My take on it is that if you follow the rules (like don't mix fats and carbs), your gains will be fairly lean.