protein powder is still protein, by itself it wont build muscle. whole food sources will always provide more quality gains...i think timing is irrelevant anymore so whether you want to use it waking up, snack, pre workout, post workout or before bed is up to you...i currently do not use protein powders anymore and get all my pro through solid food. keep in mind the more you use the more you will have to buy and protein is only getting more expensive...