BeastFitness
Banned
I apologize in advance if I repost any studies already posted in this thread…theres a lot of information out there hahah
Effects of maturity on histopathological alteration after a growth promoter boldenone injection in rabbits
Boldenone is a derivative of the testosterone and it has dual effects on humans, directly and indirectly; directly as injection to build muscles and indirectly as through consuming meat of animals that where treated with boldenone. However, the action of these steroids on the liver, kidney and testes structure in immature animals still unclear, therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of maturity on the intramuscular injection of boldenone undecylenate on the hepatic, renal and testicular structures. Thirty two New Zealand rabbits were divided into main groups (16 immature and 16 mature rabbits) and each main group is divided into four groups (4 animals each). Control group (G1) includes animals that injected intramuscularly with olive oil. Groups 2, 3 and 4 (G2; G3 and G4) include animals that receive one, two and three intramuscular injections of 5 mg/Kg body weight boldenone undecylenate dissected after 3, 6 and 9 weeks respectively. The present results showed that intramuscular injection of rabbits with boldenone has a marked adverse effects on the liver, kidney and testes tissues and this effects were more observed in immature than in mature rabbits and this histopathological alternations were increased with the increase the boldenone dose injection. Our results showed that; immature rabbits that receive boldenone showed disturbances of the hepatocytes radially arranged cords with multifocal hepatocellular vacuolations in the liver, glomerulus mass reduction with multifocal glomerular injury in the kidney and disturbances of the cycle of spermatogenesis in the testes. These findings suggested that misuse of growth promoter boldenone undecylenate may contribute to a continuously damage of the hepatic, renal and testicular function and structure that may lead to a hepatic, renal and genital progressive diseases so young people especially should be careful if they want to use such steroids to enhance their strength and endurance.
Full PDF: Invalid Link Removed
Deterioration of glomerular endothelial surface layer and the alteration in the renal function after a growth promoter boldenone injection in rabbits.
Boldenone is an anabolic steroid developed for veterinary use. Recently, it is used by bodybuilders in both off-season and precontest, where it is well known for increasing vascularity while preparing for a bodybuilding contest. However, the side effect of this steroid on the human health is still unclear. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the possible effect of the growth promoter, boldenone undecylenate, on the function and structure of the rabbit's kidneys. A total of 36 adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups. Control group includes animals that were injected intramuscularly with olive oil and dissected after 3 weeks. Three experimental groups include animals that receive one, two and three intramuscular injections of 5 mg/kg body weight boldenone, and dissected after 3, 6, and 9 weeks, respectively, and the interval of each dose of boldenone was 3 weeks. The biochemical analysis of the blood serum of treated rabbit showed a significant increase in the total protein, urea and creatinine concentrations, with a significant decrease in albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. At the same time, a significant glomerulus mass reduction that accompanied with the expression of CD34, a marker for endothelial cells deterioration, was also determined. The incidence of the glomerulosclerosis was significantly increased compared with the control group (0.46 ± 0.05, p < 0.05). The glomerulosclerosis scores were 1.32 ± 0.10, 2.14 ± 0.11 and 3.02 ± 0.09 in groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. These findings suggest that misuse of the boldenone undecylenate may contribute to the occurrence of a chronic renal injury that may lead to a progressive renal failure.
I thought this was worth posting as well. Its a bodybuilder research case study which includes eq. Please click the link below to see the full chart:
Invalid Link Removed
The subject consumed an estimated daily average of 5699-7281 kcalories throughout all periods. Throughout all periods the percentage of calories from foodstuffs consisted of; protein: 19%-28%, carbohydrates: 51%-58%, fats: 19%-30%. Meals were usually spaced approximately 2.5 to 3 hours apart.
Period 1
The greatest lean body weight gain was seen the first ten days. The lean body mass gain of 8.9 lbs (0.988 lb / day) was undoubtedly due to the introduction of drugs. Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was used this period with an average administration of 55.6 mg / Daily for approximately 9 days.
Period 2
A substantially smaller gain in lean body weight was seen the second period consisting of approximately 14 days. The gain in lean body mass was only 2.9 lbs (0.207 lb / day). Beginning two days preceding the period, an average of 62.5 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken for four days. Also beginning the same time, 300 mg of Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) was administered every week. An average daily dosage of 60.7 mg / day was taken with both drugs combined.
Period 3
The third period reflected an acceptable gain in lean body mass when both Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) and Oxymetholone (Anadrol) were administered at an average dosage of 78.6 mg / daily. Beginning two days preceding the period, 300 mgs of Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) was administered every week and an average of 35.7 mgs of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken daily in descending fashion ranging from 50 mg - 7.5 mg . In 14 days, 4.5 lbs (.321 lbs / day) in lean body mass was seen.
Period 4
A gain of only 1 lb (.066 lb / day) in lean body mass was seen the fourth period of 15 days. Three days preceding this period, suspected counterfeit Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone) and Nandrolone decanoate (Deca Durabolin) were administered. According to the concentrations indicated on their labels, 600 mgs. of Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone) and 175 mg of Nandrolone decanoate (Deca Durabolin) was administered. The subject felt and saw no effect after the first week then proceeded to administer 50 mgs of Stanozolol (Winstrol-V) every other day until the end of the period. Despite the greater than average dosage of Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone), the average daily dosage of all drugs in that period was only 65 mg / day.
Period 5
The fifth period lasted only 6 days. Three days preceding the period, 650 mgs of Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) were administered over three days, since one syringe could only hold 3 cc, or 150 mgs, only .4 lbs (.06 lbs / day) of lean body weight was seen with 108.33 mg / day of Equipoise.
Period 6
The sixth period, lasting 8 days, yielded a larger gain of 3.2 lbs (.4 lbs / day) in lean body mass. One day preceding the period, 100 mgs of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken all but one day in which 50 mgs of Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) was replaced out of lack of a reliable supply. So, an average of 87.5 mgs / day of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) and an average of 6.25 mgs / day of Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) were taken during this period for a total of 93.75 mgs daily for both drugs.
Period 7
A greater dosage of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken in the seventh period that lasted 7 days. Beginning three days preceding the period, 150 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken daily for the first 2 days proceeded by 200 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) daily thereafter. A gain of 3.5 lbs ( .5 lbs / day) of lean body mass was made from an average daily dosage of 178.6 mgs of (Oxymetholone) Anadrol.
Period 8
The eighth period lasted 8 days. Two days preceding the period an daily average of 162.5 mgs of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was administered daily in descending fashion for the full duration of the period. A loss of 1.5 lbs (-.188 lbs / day) of lean body weight became the result.
Period 9
A loss of lean body mass was also characteristic of the ninth period lasting 6 days. The day of the period, an average of 54.2 mg of Stanozolol (Winstrol-V) was administered daily throughout the period. Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) was also taken the first three days in descending fashion, averaging only 15 mg for these few days. The average daily dosage for both drugs was only 61.6 mgs. A total of 2.6 lbs (-.433 lbs / day) of lean body mass was lost during this period. The dosage difference from the previous week did not seem to be significantly reduced. Suspicion may be placed on the characteristics of the descending drug program.
Period 10
The tenth period lasted 7 days. Beginning the day of the cycle day, an average of 57.1 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) and 57.1 mg of (Stanozolol) Winstrol-V were taken daily throughout the period. Also beginning the same time, 50 mg of Primobolan Depot was administered for 5 days. Methenolone enanthate (Primobolan Depot) was taken daily in this manner out of convenience despite its longer acting quality. An average daily dosage of 157.1 mg of drugs were taken during this period. As a result, 4.8 lbs (.686 lbs / day) of lean body mass was obtained.
Period 11
The eleventh period lasted 7 days. Beginning the day of the period, an average of 114.3 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken daily. Also beginning the same time, 50 mg of Stanozolol (Winstrol-V) was taken daily except for the second and third days of the period. A daily average dosage of 150 mg was taken from both drugs. A loss of 1.6 lbs (-.229 lbs) of lean body weight was the result.
No Drugs were taken after one day before the physique competition. This was done because Anadrol taken preceding the show was thought to contribute to subcutaneous water retention. No other drug was taken due to convenience and the relatively small contribution an administration was thought to have the day preceding the show.
Final Week
Since fat reduction was not as a great of a concern the last week, the total caloric intake was increased slightly in attempt to allow adequate calories for recovery and increased glycogen stores. Resistive training was stopped four days before the show in effort to restore glycogen in the muscle. Walking and posing practice were continued. Posing with the aid of a mirror was greatly reduced. Walking was used more as a means of stress management than fat burning activity in the final days before the show. Three days before the show, an effort was made to reduce food volume and maintain an elevated caloric intake by eating less more often in order to reduce abdominal circumference caused by intestinal volume. In addition, foods suspected of causing gas and minor food allergies were eliminated. Foods containing added salt were discontinued two days before the show in effort to deplete subcutaneous water. Timing was crucial at this point since it was feared that a premature sodium depletion would trigger negative feedback from the body's receptors resulting in a retention of sodium by the body. Tap water was also replaced by distilled water two days before the show to insure a reduced sodium intake. Posing was increased two days before the show in effort to expel subcutaneous water. Water intake was increased the day before the show in attempt to inhibit Anti-diuretic Hormone produced in the body. Approximately six ounces of beer were consumed the evening before the show as to further inhibit Anti-diuretic hormone in effort to deplete subcutaneous water.
Competition Day A
Water was consumed sparingly upon arising the morning of the show to maintain the diuretic effects noted after slumber. A suppository laxative was used the morning of the show in effort to further reduce inter-intestinal volume. Water was consumed as desired approximately an hour or so before the morning prejudging. On the morning of the contest, a total body weight of 226 lbs was recorded from a scale used for competition weigh in. Minor cramping was experienced with virtually no effect upon posing performance. Moderate sweating was noted on stage with little hindrance on appearance. The subject won his weight class and the overall competition, therefore qualifying for national competition.
Period 12
The twelfth period lasted seven days. The day of the period, 150 mg of Winstrol-V was administered. No other administrations of Winstrol-V or any other drug was taken during this period in anticipation of possible drug testing. The physique contest discussed above was on the second day of this period. A loss of 1.4 lbs (-.2 lbs / day) of lean body mass was noted at the end of this period.
Period 13
Little data was recorded the thirteenth period which lasted five days. Approximately the same dietary and exercise modifications used before the last competition were practiced before the national competition. Abstinence from anabolic-androgenic steroids was continued throughout this period lasting up until four days prior to national competition. Defend (Power Distributors, Marina Del Rey, CA) was taken before drug testing as directed by the manufacturer. A "weigh-in" and a "random drug test" was scheduled three days prior to the event. The subject was not selected for testing, but was measured at 230 lbs on the scale used for official weigh in. On the same day, immediately after "weigh-in", 300 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was consumed throughout the remainder of the day. The following day, 200 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was consumed, followed by 150 mg the next day.
Competition Day B
Finally, 50 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken on the day of the show. No body weight was taken on the actual day of the show. Excessive sweating was experienced during prejudging which negatively affected appearance.
Period 14
The subject broke his contest diet soon after the conclusion of the final competition. A few days after the nationals, a body weight of 238 lbs was reported.
Effects of maturity on histopathological alteration after a growth promoter boldenone injection in rabbits
Boldenone is a derivative of the testosterone and it has dual effects on humans, directly and indirectly; directly as injection to build muscles and indirectly as through consuming meat of animals that where treated with boldenone. However, the action of these steroids on the liver, kidney and testes structure in immature animals still unclear, therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of maturity on the intramuscular injection of boldenone undecylenate on the hepatic, renal and testicular structures. Thirty two New Zealand rabbits were divided into main groups (16 immature and 16 mature rabbits) and each main group is divided into four groups (4 animals each). Control group (G1) includes animals that injected intramuscularly with olive oil. Groups 2, 3 and 4 (G2; G3 and G4) include animals that receive one, two and three intramuscular injections of 5 mg/Kg body weight boldenone undecylenate dissected after 3, 6 and 9 weeks respectively. The present results showed that intramuscular injection of rabbits with boldenone has a marked adverse effects on the liver, kidney and testes tissues and this effects were more observed in immature than in mature rabbits and this histopathological alternations were increased with the increase the boldenone dose injection. Our results showed that; immature rabbits that receive boldenone showed disturbances of the hepatocytes radially arranged cords with multifocal hepatocellular vacuolations in the liver, glomerulus mass reduction with multifocal glomerular injury in the kidney and disturbances of the cycle of spermatogenesis in the testes. These findings suggested that misuse of growth promoter boldenone undecylenate may contribute to a continuously damage of the hepatic, renal and testicular function and structure that may lead to a hepatic, renal and genital progressive diseases so young people especially should be careful if they want to use such steroids to enhance their strength and endurance.
Full PDF: Invalid Link Removed
Deterioration of glomerular endothelial surface layer and the alteration in the renal function after a growth promoter boldenone injection in rabbits.
Boldenone is an anabolic steroid developed for veterinary use. Recently, it is used by bodybuilders in both off-season and precontest, where it is well known for increasing vascularity while preparing for a bodybuilding contest. However, the side effect of this steroid on the human health is still unclear. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the possible effect of the growth promoter, boldenone undecylenate, on the function and structure of the rabbit's kidneys. A total of 36 adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups. Control group includes animals that were injected intramuscularly with olive oil and dissected after 3 weeks. Three experimental groups include animals that receive one, two and three intramuscular injections of 5 mg/kg body weight boldenone, and dissected after 3, 6, and 9 weeks, respectively, and the interval of each dose of boldenone was 3 weeks. The biochemical analysis of the blood serum of treated rabbit showed a significant increase in the total protein, urea and creatinine concentrations, with a significant decrease in albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. At the same time, a significant glomerulus mass reduction that accompanied with the expression of CD34, a marker for endothelial cells deterioration, was also determined. The incidence of the glomerulosclerosis was significantly increased compared with the control group (0.46 ± 0.05, p < 0.05). The glomerulosclerosis scores were 1.32 ± 0.10, 2.14 ± 0.11 and 3.02 ± 0.09 in groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. These findings suggest that misuse of the boldenone undecylenate may contribute to the occurrence of a chronic renal injury that may lead to a progressive renal failure.
I thought this was worth posting as well. Its a bodybuilder research case study which includes eq. Please click the link below to see the full chart:
Invalid Link Removed
The subject consumed an estimated daily average of 5699-7281 kcalories throughout all periods. Throughout all periods the percentage of calories from foodstuffs consisted of; protein: 19%-28%, carbohydrates: 51%-58%, fats: 19%-30%. Meals were usually spaced approximately 2.5 to 3 hours apart.
Period 1
The greatest lean body weight gain was seen the first ten days. The lean body mass gain of 8.9 lbs (0.988 lb / day) was undoubtedly due to the introduction of drugs. Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was used this period with an average administration of 55.6 mg / Daily for approximately 9 days.
Period 2
A substantially smaller gain in lean body weight was seen the second period consisting of approximately 14 days. The gain in lean body mass was only 2.9 lbs (0.207 lb / day). Beginning two days preceding the period, an average of 62.5 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken for four days. Also beginning the same time, 300 mg of Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) was administered every week. An average daily dosage of 60.7 mg / day was taken with both drugs combined.
Period 3
The third period reflected an acceptable gain in lean body mass when both Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) and Oxymetholone (Anadrol) were administered at an average dosage of 78.6 mg / daily. Beginning two days preceding the period, 300 mgs of Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) was administered every week and an average of 35.7 mgs of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken daily in descending fashion ranging from 50 mg - 7.5 mg . In 14 days, 4.5 lbs (.321 lbs / day) in lean body mass was seen.
Period 4
A gain of only 1 lb (.066 lb / day) in lean body mass was seen the fourth period of 15 days. Three days preceding this period, suspected counterfeit Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone) and Nandrolone decanoate (Deca Durabolin) were administered. According to the concentrations indicated on their labels, 600 mgs. of Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone) and 175 mg of Nandrolone decanoate (Deca Durabolin) was administered. The subject felt and saw no effect after the first week then proceeded to administer 50 mgs of Stanozolol (Winstrol-V) every other day until the end of the period. Despite the greater than average dosage of Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone), the average daily dosage of all drugs in that period was only 65 mg / day.
Period 5
The fifth period lasted only 6 days. Three days preceding the period, 650 mgs of Boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise) were administered over three days, since one syringe could only hold 3 cc, or 150 mgs, only .4 lbs (.06 lbs / day) of lean body weight was seen with 108.33 mg / day of Equipoise.
Period 6
The sixth period, lasting 8 days, yielded a larger gain of 3.2 lbs (.4 lbs / day) in lean body mass. One day preceding the period, 100 mgs of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken all but one day in which 50 mgs of Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) was replaced out of lack of a reliable supply. So, an average of 87.5 mgs / day of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) and an average of 6.25 mgs / day of Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) were taken during this period for a total of 93.75 mgs daily for both drugs.
Period 7
A greater dosage of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken in the seventh period that lasted 7 days. Beginning three days preceding the period, 150 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken daily for the first 2 days proceeded by 200 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) daily thereafter. A gain of 3.5 lbs ( .5 lbs / day) of lean body mass was made from an average daily dosage of 178.6 mgs of (Oxymetholone) Anadrol.
Period 8
The eighth period lasted 8 days. Two days preceding the period an daily average of 162.5 mgs of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was administered daily in descending fashion for the full duration of the period. A loss of 1.5 lbs (-.188 lbs / day) of lean body weight became the result.
Period 9
A loss of lean body mass was also characteristic of the ninth period lasting 6 days. The day of the period, an average of 54.2 mg of Stanozolol (Winstrol-V) was administered daily throughout the period. Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) was also taken the first three days in descending fashion, averaging only 15 mg for these few days. The average daily dosage for both drugs was only 61.6 mgs. A total of 2.6 lbs (-.433 lbs / day) of lean body mass was lost during this period. The dosage difference from the previous week did not seem to be significantly reduced. Suspicion may be placed on the characteristics of the descending drug program.
Period 10
The tenth period lasted 7 days. Beginning the day of the cycle day, an average of 57.1 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) and 57.1 mg of (Stanozolol) Winstrol-V were taken daily throughout the period. Also beginning the same time, 50 mg of Primobolan Depot was administered for 5 days. Methenolone enanthate (Primobolan Depot) was taken daily in this manner out of convenience despite its longer acting quality. An average daily dosage of 157.1 mg of drugs were taken during this period. As a result, 4.8 lbs (.686 lbs / day) of lean body mass was obtained.
Period 11
The eleventh period lasted 7 days. Beginning the day of the period, an average of 114.3 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken daily. Also beginning the same time, 50 mg of Stanozolol (Winstrol-V) was taken daily except for the second and third days of the period. A daily average dosage of 150 mg was taken from both drugs. A loss of 1.6 lbs (-.229 lbs) of lean body weight was the result.
No Drugs were taken after one day before the physique competition. This was done because Anadrol taken preceding the show was thought to contribute to subcutaneous water retention. No other drug was taken due to convenience and the relatively small contribution an administration was thought to have the day preceding the show.
Final Week
Since fat reduction was not as a great of a concern the last week, the total caloric intake was increased slightly in attempt to allow adequate calories for recovery and increased glycogen stores. Resistive training was stopped four days before the show in effort to restore glycogen in the muscle. Walking and posing practice were continued. Posing with the aid of a mirror was greatly reduced. Walking was used more as a means of stress management than fat burning activity in the final days before the show. Three days before the show, an effort was made to reduce food volume and maintain an elevated caloric intake by eating less more often in order to reduce abdominal circumference caused by intestinal volume. In addition, foods suspected of causing gas and minor food allergies were eliminated. Foods containing added salt were discontinued two days before the show in effort to deplete subcutaneous water. Timing was crucial at this point since it was feared that a premature sodium depletion would trigger negative feedback from the body's receptors resulting in a retention of sodium by the body. Tap water was also replaced by distilled water two days before the show to insure a reduced sodium intake. Posing was increased two days before the show in effort to expel subcutaneous water. Water intake was increased the day before the show in attempt to inhibit Anti-diuretic Hormone produced in the body. Approximately six ounces of beer were consumed the evening before the show as to further inhibit Anti-diuretic hormone in effort to deplete subcutaneous water.
Competition Day A
Water was consumed sparingly upon arising the morning of the show to maintain the diuretic effects noted after slumber. A suppository laxative was used the morning of the show in effort to further reduce inter-intestinal volume. Water was consumed as desired approximately an hour or so before the morning prejudging. On the morning of the contest, a total body weight of 226 lbs was recorded from a scale used for competition weigh in. Minor cramping was experienced with virtually no effect upon posing performance. Moderate sweating was noted on stage with little hindrance on appearance. The subject won his weight class and the overall competition, therefore qualifying for national competition.
Period 12
The twelfth period lasted seven days. The day of the period, 150 mg of Winstrol-V was administered. No other administrations of Winstrol-V or any other drug was taken during this period in anticipation of possible drug testing. The physique contest discussed above was on the second day of this period. A loss of 1.4 lbs (-.2 lbs / day) of lean body mass was noted at the end of this period.
Period 13
Little data was recorded the thirteenth period which lasted five days. Approximately the same dietary and exercise modifications used before the last competition were practiced before the national competition. Abstinence from anabolic-androgenic steroids was continued throughout this period lasting up until four days prior to national competition. Defend (Power Distributors, Marina Del Rey, CA) was taken before drug testing as directed by the manufacturer. A "weigh-in" and a "random drug test" was scheduled three days prior to the event. The subject was not selected for testing, but was measured at 230 lbs on the scale used for official weigh in. On the same day, immediately after "weigh-in", 300 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was consumed throughout the remainder of the day. The following day, 200 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was consumed, followed by 150 mg the next day.
Competition Day B
Finally, 50 mg of Oxymetholone (Anadrol) was taken on the day of the show. No body weight was taken on the actual day of the show. Excessive sweating was experienced during prejudging which negatively affected appearance.
Period 14
The subject broke his contest diet soon after the conclusion of the final competition. A few days after the nationals, a body weight of 238 lbs was reported.
