over a long period of time neglecting better nutrition timing will be sub optimal. it's common sense. idk why these guys didn't find any difference in their single whey study but I can tell a difference in myself.
their method is questionable really. this study says that they made their subjects not eat for 3 hours to not confound pre and post workout nutrition. if they lifted any time early in the morning they might even be fasted. they could also pollute the data by carb loading the day before. and then finally, it's whey protein powder. can we please stop using whey powder to test this **** lol
I'll consider this study evidence that fasted lifting doesn't make you lose muscle