In short, stay hydrated and allow time for alcohol dehydrogenase to do its job.
Fatty acids accumulate in the liver.
Alcohol impacts amino acid metabolism
Dampens (ADH) which helps maintain fluid balance in the body. So now instead of retaining water you are excreting it and to make it worse you probably continue to drink alcohol when you get thirsty... drink water in between drinks. Also with that water loss you are losing minerals and impacting your electrolyte balance.
Folate is affected immensely due to alcohol intake. You’re probably thinking why the hell do I care if folate is affected.
Folate converts homocysteine to methonine. Alcohol disrupts folate's ability to convert homocysteine to methonoine. The result is an excess of homocysteine, which has been linked to heart disease, and an inadequate supply of methionine, which slows the production of new cells." (1)
B1 and B6 are also affected.
“In addition to the impact on your body alcohol is involved in all of the following:” (2)
1/4 of all ER admissions
1/3 of all suicides
1/2 of all homicides
1/2 of all domestic incidents
1/2 of all traffic fatalities
1/2 of all fire victim fatalities
The MEOS is usually responsible for 20% of alcohol a person ingests but it is kind of like a second responder.
"If a person drinks and uses another drug at the same time the MEOS (microsomal ethanol oxidizing system) will dispose of the alcohol first and metabolize the drug more slowly." (3)
"About 10% of the alcohol leaves the body through the breath and the urine." (4)
The nutrition bottom line: alcohol receives priority treatment that effects nutrient metabolism, protein/amino acid synthesis, water/electrolyte balance, fatty acid accumulation, vitamin deficiency, and adds 7 calories/g of empty nutrients.
References:
1. Whitney, Eleanor and Sharon Rolfes. Understanding Nutrition. Belmont: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. 245.
2. Whitney, Eleanor and Sharon Rolfes. Understanding Nutrition. Belmont: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. 246.
3. Whitney, Eleanor and Sharon Rolfes. Understanding Nutrition. Belmont: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. 244.
4. Whitney, Eleanor and Sharon Rolfes. Understanding Nutrition. Belmont: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. 244.