Caffeine is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), as well as CYP2E1 and CYP3A3/4. Approximately 3 to 10% of a caffeine dose is converted to theophylline. In clinical trials, the mean elimination half-life of caffeine has been correlated to postconceptional age, postnatal age, and weight, reflecting the development of CYP1A2 activity in the growing infant. In preterm neonates, the half-life of caffeine is approximately 72 to 96 hours (range 40 to 231 hours). By 9 months of age, the half life has declined to approximately 5 hours, similar to that observed in adults. Likewise, the rate of caffeine clearance increases with age, from an average of 5 to 9 mL/hr/kg in neonates to 94 mL/hr/kg in adults.[8-12]