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The effects of Aralox consisting of extracts of Aralia mandshurica and Engelhardtia chrysolepis, on body fat loss, lipolytic activity and adipocytes perilipins, in obese, non-diabetic women on a restricted calorie diet
May 2005 Musa T. Abidov (1),
Alexandr L. Klimenov (2),
Oleg V. Kalyuzhin (2)
(1) Institute of Immunopathology, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow-121351, Russia,
(2) Sechenev Medical Academy, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 2/6, Moscow, Russia.
Correspondence to: Dr. Musa Abidov, Prof. of Medicine, (MD),
Institute of Immunopathology, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences,
Moscow-121351, Russia,
Phone: 7-(095)-140-9147,
Fax: 7-(095)-932-0694/ 444-98-15,
E-mails: [email protected]
Key words: Aralia mandshurica, aralosides, body fat loss, dihydroquercetins, Engelhardtia chrysolepis, hormone-sensitive lipase, lipolysis, perilipins, triterpene saponins.
References
Summary
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of orally administered Aralox, a phytomedicine combining standardized extracts of Aralia mandshurica (Araliaceae) and Engelhardtia chrysolepis (Juglandaceae), on body fat loss, lipolytic activity, plasma triglycerides (TGs) and adipocytes perilipins, in obese, non-diabetic female volunteers on restricted calorie diets.
Subjects: Thirty-two (n=32) obese, non-diabetic, female volunteers, with an average body weight of 94.4±5.0 kg and average body mass index (BMI) of 25.2 - 33.4kg/m2), and average age of 42 ±12 years, were recruited to take part in a 15-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
Herbal phytomedicine supplement: In this study, the phytomedicine tested for its obesity effects is designated as Aralox, which contains 150mg of Aralia mandshurica extract, standardized to a minimum of 20% triterpene saponins aralosides (elatosides), and 150mg of Engelhardtia chrysolepis leaf extract, standardized to minimum 20% dihydroquercetin 3-rhamnoside. Each dose contains 300mg of a dried powder blend of the two extracts in the proportions specified above.
Design: Subjects were randomly assigned, in equal numbers, to the Aralox experimental group and the Placebo control group, using the Simple Randomization Procedure. Patients were directed to take 300mg of either the Aralox (n=16) or the placebo (n=16), three times a day before meals. Their daily dietary intake was restricted to 1700?100 kcals, of which 50% was in the form of carbohydrates, 25% from protein, and 25% from fat. Food record analyses, body composition, blood and adipose biopsy samples were assessed on admission and after the trial were completed for each subject over a 15-weeks period.
Results: Thirteen subjects (n=13) of Aralox group, and fourteen subjects (n=14) of the Placebo group completed the 15-week clinical trial. Three patients from Aralox group and 2 patients from Placebo group didn’t complete the trial, due to their relocation to other regions.
The administration of 300mg of Aralox three times a day, as specified, resulted in an average weight loss of 4.3±0.7kg in the Aralox group (p<0.001) versus 0.7±0.2kg in Placebo group. The average total body weight in Aralox group was reduced from 94.4±5.0kgs to 90.1±2.2kgs, while in Placebo group it was reduced from 94.2±5.8kgs to 93.7±3.0kgs. The body weight reduction correlated with the reduction of body fat mass from 33.3±2.2kgs to 29.2±1.2 kgs (-4.1±1.1) in the Aralox group and from 33.6±2.1 to 32.9±1.4 kgs (-0.7±0.2) in the Placebo group, indicating that 95% of the body weight lost in the Aralox group was due to body fat loss.
Since dietary intake was standardized to 1700±100 kcal/d, and validated with food records, various parameters were measured to determine how Aralox promoted loss of both body weight and body fat.
With respect to adipocytes perilipin levels, the SDS-PAGE and Western Blot Immunoelectrophoresis of adipocyte lipid droplets probed with perilipin antiserum showed strong reaction with 62-65 kDa protein. Results indicated that in patients who received the Aralox, the content of perilipins protein in adipocytes was reduced 27±6%, from 60.7±10.6 arbitrary units before the trial to 44.3±14.5 arbitrary units after the trial (p<0.001). No significant perilipins protein changes were observed in the Placebo group (p< p>
Concomitantly, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activity in adipocytes in the Aralox group increased 35±4.2%, from 5.2±1.1 to 8.1±1.4 mUnits/mg protein (p<0.001). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the level of HSL in the adipocytes of the Placebo group.
In addition, the administration of Aralox resulted in an increase in plasma non-esterified fatty acids (FA) from 730±40µmol/L to 870±50 µmol/L (p<0.001), while in the Placebo group plasma FA remained at its pre-trial level from 740±30µmol/L to 755±45 µmol/L (p<0.05), compared no change in the Placebo group 3.5±0.5 L 3.4±0.8 mmol L).<>
Conclusion: These results show that the Aralox phytomedicine, containing triterpene saponins aralosides and dihydroquercetins, promotes loss of both body weight and body fat in obese, non-diabetic women. They also suggest that this occurs through the reduction of perilipin levels and plasma TGs, and the increase in HSL activity. No subjects reported adverse side effects after 15 weeks of Aralox administration. These results demonstrates that Aralox may be useful in reducing body fat and plasma TGs in obese, non-diabetic women on prolonged, restricted calorie diets.
May 2005 Musa T. Abidov (1),
Alexandr L. Klimenov (2),
Oleg V. Kalyuzhin (2)
(1) Institute of Immunopathology, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow-121351, Russia,
(2) Sechenev Medical Academy, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 2/6, Moscow, Russia.
Correspondence to: Dr. Musa Abidov, Prof. of Medicine, (MD),
Institute of Immunopathology, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences,
Moscow-121351, Russia,
Phone: 7-(095)-140-9147,
Fax: 7-(095)-932-0694/ 444-98-15,
E-mails: [email protected]
Key words: Aralia mandshurica, aralosides, body fat loss, dihydroquercetins, Engelhardtia chrysolepis, hormone-sensitive lipase, lipolysis, perilipins, triterpene saponins.
References
Summary
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of orally administered Aralox, a phytomedicine combining standardized extracts of Aralia mandshurica (Araliaceae) and Engelhardtia chrysolepis (Juglandaceae), on body fat loss, lipolytic activity, plasma triglycerides (TGs) and adipocytes perilipins, in obese, non-diabetic female volunteers on restricted calorie diets.
Subjects: Thirty-two (n=32) obese, non-diabetic, female volunteers, with an average body weight of 94.4±5.0 kg and average body mass index (BMI) of 25.2 - 33.4kg/m2), and average age of 42 ±12 years, were recruited to take part in a 15-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
Herbal phytomedicine supplement: In this study, the phytomedicine tested for its obesity effects is designated as Aralox, which contains 150mg of Aralia mandshurica extract, standardized to a minimum of 20% triterpene saponins aralosides (elatosides), and 150mg of Engelhardtia chrysolepis leaf extract, standardized to minimum 20% dihydroquercetin 3-rhamnoside. Each dose contains 300mg of a dried powder blend of the two extracts in the proportions specified above.
Design: Subjects were randomly assigned, in equal numbers, to the Aralox experimental group and the Placebo control group, using the Simple Randomization Procedure. Patients were directed to take 300mg of either the Aralox (n=16) or the placebo (n=16), three times a day before meals. Their daily dietary intake was restricted to 1700?100 kcals, of which 50% was in the form of carbohydrates, 25% from protein, and 25% from fat. Food record analyses, body composition, blood and adipose biopsy samples were assessed on admission and after the trial were completed for each subject over a 15-weeks period.
Results: Thirteen subjects (n=13) of Aralox group, and fourteen subjects (n=14) of the Placebo group completed the 15-week clinical trial. Three patients from Aralox group and 2 patients from Placebo group didn’t complete the trial, due to their relocation to other regions.
The administration of 300mg of Aralox three times a day, as specified, resulted in an average weight loss of 4.3±0.7kg in the Aralox group (p<0.001) versus 0.7±0.2kg in Placebo group. The average total body weight in Aralox group was reduced from 94.4±5.0kgs to 90.1±2.2kgs, while in Placebo group it was reduced from 94.2±5.8kgs to 93.7±3.0kgs. The body weight reduction correlated with the reduction of body fat mass from 33.3±2.2kgs to 29.2±1.2 kgs (-4.1±1.1) in the Aralox group and from 33.6±2.1 to 32.9±1.4 kgs (-0.7±0.2) in the Placebo group, indicating that 95% of the body weight lost in the Aralox group was due to body fat loss.
Since dietary intake was standardized to 1700±100 kcal/d, and validated with food records, various parameters were measured to determine how Aralox promoted loss of both body weight and body fat.
With respect to adipocytes perilipin levels, the SDS-PAGE and Western Blot Immunoelectrophoresis of adipocyte lipid droplets probed with perilipin antiserum showed strong reaction with 62-65 kDa protein. Results indicated that in patients who received the Aralox, the content of perilipins protein in adipocytes was reduced 27±6%, from 60.7±10.6 arbitrary units before the trial to 44.3±14.5 arbitrary units after the trial (p<0.001). No significant perilipins protein changes were observed in the Placebo group (p< p>
Concomitantly, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activity in adipocytes in the Aralox group increased 35±4.2%, from 5.2±1.1 to 8.1±1.4 mUnits/mg protein (p<0.001). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the level of HSL in the adipocytes of the Placebo group.
In addition, the administration of Aralox resulted in an increase in plasma non-esterified fatty acids (FA) from 730±40µmol/L to 870±50 µmol/L (p<0.001), while in the Placebo group plasma FA remained at its pre-trial level from 740±30µmol/L to 755±45 µmol/L (p<0.05), compared no change in the Placebo group 3.5±0.5 L 3.4±0.8 mmol L).<>
Conclusion: These results show that the Aralox phytomedicine, containing triterpene saponins aralosides and dihydroquercetins, promotes loss of both body weight and body fat in obese, non-diabetic women. They also suggest that this occurs through the reduction of perilipin levels and plasma TGs, and the increase in HSL activity. No subjects reported adverse side effects after 15 weeks of Aralox administration. These results demonstrates that Aralox may be useful in reducing body fat and plasma TGs in obese, non-diabetic women on prolonged, restricted calorie diets.
