I'm going with the notion that you've never taken it or haven't at effective doses ranging from 20-40mg. There is absolutely no placebo effect whatsoever. Having been on Adderall for almost 3 years, I've spent a lot of time and money educating myself on supplements/substances to provide neuroprotection, cardio protection and to enhance cognitive abilities which after some time Adderall can certainly take a toll on. Upon starting PQQ, my typing speed doubled, sleep requirements dropped, word recall, memory and focus all increased quite a bit. I'll admit that for a perfectly healthy individual, the effects may be more subtle. I, however, will admit that over the last 5 years I've put my brain and body through absolute hell. Suffered a huge loss a few years ago, dabbled into Extacy quite a few times along with some other substances to "cope" and excape. Needless to say I fell out of my true passion, bodybuilding. I've spent the last year of my life picking up the pieces of my life and finding my motivation for life again. Even this forum was at one time such a huge part of my life which I forgot about for a long time. Just being on here the last few weeks has done more for me than I can explain; actually establishing goals to get back into the sport again is huge to me. The memory enhancing effects of PQQ truly don't go unnoticed and in some cases, like mine, it's that very thing that can be the difference between one loosing all hope for life and remembering what brought pleasure, joy and motivation for life without just turning toward a substance.