Growth Hormone Dictionary

YellowJacket

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Homeopathy
Natural form of medicine that uses immeasurably small doses of medicines to stimulate the body's own defense and healing process. Homeopathy focuses on bringing the entire body back into homeostasis, or balance. top

Homeostasis
or health; defined as an optimal balance of mental and physical well being. When the body loses its normal homeostasis, adverse symptoms appear. Symptoms are not the cause of health problems, but rather an expression of the body's efforts to defend its weakest areas and bring the body back into balance. top

Law of Similars
Considered the founder of homeopathy, 1700's German physician Samuel Hahnemann developed the principle of the Law of Similars, or "Let Like Cure Like." This remains a defining principle of homeopathy today. If a substance causes side effects and syndromes at high toxic levels, the same substance can heal those same symptoms and syndromes when taken in small diluted doses. Similar to vaccines, these small doses work by stimulating the body's own defense mechanisms. top

Growth factors
Small proteins produced by the human body that enable cells to communicate and effectively coordinate activities between one another. Growth factors in the body affect the individual cells by binding to growth-factor-specific receptors on the cell surface. A specific growth factor may have many cell sources and can use different signal transduction pathways at different times and with different cells. Growth factors are involved in complex feedback loops between the immune, nervous and endocrine systems, and have significant effects on DNA, RNA, protein synthesis, and cell division. top

Human growth hormone
A protein produced in the pituitary gland that stimulates the liver to produce somatomedins, which stimulate growth of bone and muscle. Human growth hormone is the most abundant hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. It peaks during the rapid-growth phase of adolescence, then steadily declines with age. HGH stays in the bloodstream for only a few minutes. However, this is long enough to stimulate its uptake by the liver, causing the production of Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Growth hormone affects specific target tissues in its role as a chemical messenger, working with IGF-1 to affect uptake of nutrients into the cell. hGH helps boost the immune system, increase lean body mass, stimulate neuroendocrine system balance and promote optimal physical and mental performance. top

Insulin like growth factor (IGF-1)
Polypeptides with considerable sequence similarity to insulin. They are capable of eliciting the same biological responses, including mitogenesis in cell culture. On the cell surface, there are two types of insulin like growth factor receptor, one of which closely resembles the insulin receptor (which is also present). IGF-1 is primarily secreted by the liver in response to a signal from growth hormone (hGH). It is also released by many different tissues throughout the body, and affects almost every cell to some degree. The major target tissues affected by IGF-1 are muscle, cartilage, bone, liver, kidney, nerves, skin, and lungs. IGF-1 additionally regulates cell growth by moving cells from a resting phase to an active phase of the cell cycle. IGF-1 also increases the cell's ability to complete DNA synthesis. IGF-1 acts within the nervous system and is critical for the growth and development of nerve cells. IGF-1 plays an active role at the neuromuscular junction, where interaction between nerve and muscle cells occurs. top

Progression factors
Induce cells toward a launching pad for cell division, causing successful activation. IGF-1 is a progression factor. top

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD); Self-diagnosis of:
No one symptom allows the diagnosis of GHD in adults. The self-diagnosed symptoms are fairly well defined as some of the following cluster of symptoms: fatigue, reduced feelings of psychological well being, increase in abdominal obesity, decrease in exercise performance and/or skin changes. 1994 Ho, KY, Veldhuis, J.D. Endocrinology and Metabolism 1 (suppl.):61-63 See Symptoms. top

Recombinant DNA
Homeopathic method of preparation of growth hormones and growth factors. While all forms of growth hormone and growth factors come from the same sources, homeopathic versions are diluted with infinitesimal amounts of recombinant DNA. This process involves inserting specific DNA into the DNA of yeast and bacteria, causing the organisms to reproduce a large supply of growth hormone/factors identical in structure to the body's own. The yeast and bacteria are then removed. top

Cell Signal Enhancers® (CSEs)®
Proprietary new class of homeopathic medicines combining molecular biotechnology and basic homeopathic principles. Manufactured by recombinant DNA technology, CSEs are designed to help stimulate the body's own defense and healing mechanisms to return it to its optimum performance level, maximizing health and performance without toxic side effects, affordably. Patented process invented by Dr. Barbara Brewitt, formerly with the National Institutes of Health. top

Dilutions
Common laboratory technique used to obtain the desired concentration. A dilution will always reduce the concentration of the sample. Dilutions are ratios and are generally expressed in terms of whole numbers and are reduced to the lowest common denominator. The dilution ratio can be defined as the volume of sample per total volume. The total volume is equal to the volume of the sample plus the volume of the buffer used to make the dilution. top

DSHEA (FDA)
Dietary Supplement Health Education Act. Signed into law on October 25, 1994, DSHEA defines dietary supplements and dietary ingredients as follows:

a) a product (other than tobacco) that is intended to supplement the diet that
bears or contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: a vitamin, a
mineral, an herb or other botanical, an amino acid, a dietary substance for use by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total daily intake, or a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combinations of these ingredients.
b) is intended for ingestion in pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid form.
c) is not represented for use as a conventional food or as the sole item of a meal
or diet.
d) is labeled as a "dietary supplement."
e) includes products such as an approved new drug, certified antibiotic, or licensed biologic that was marketed as a dietary supplement or food before approval, certification, or license (unless the Secretary of Health and Human Services waives this provision). top

Amino acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-nh2) and a carboxyl (-cooh) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerised to form proteins. top

Amino group
An -NH2 group. Organic compounds which have this group are called amines. top

Bovine growth hormone
A hormone secreted by the bovine pituitary gland. It is used to increase milk production by improving the feed efficiency in dairy cattle. top

Growth hormone
Polypeptide (191 amino acids) produced by anterior pituitary that stimulates liver to produce somatomedins 1 and 2. top

Growth hormone regulating hormone
Hypothalamic hormones that induce (somatoliberin) or inhibit (somatostatin) the release of growth hormone (somatotropin). top

Growth hormone-releasing hormone
Hormone produced in the hypothalamus that promotes production of Human Growth Hormone. [See Human Growth Hormone] top

Hormone
A naturally occuring substance secreted by specialised cells that affects the metabolism or behaviour of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. Hormones may be hydrophilic, like insulin, in which case the receptors are on the cell surface or lipophilic, like the steroids, where the receptor can be intracellular. top

Peptide
A compound of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. top

Pituitary
An endocrine gland located at the base of the brain, in the small recess of a bone - certain sections of the pituitary each secretes important hormones including growth hormone (GH) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). top

Polypeptide
A peptide which on hydrolysis yields more than two amino acids, called tripeptides, tetrapeptides, etc. According to the number of amino acids contained. top

Precursor
Something that precedes.
1. In biological processes, a substance from which another, usually more active or mature substance is formed.
2. In clinical medicine, a sign or symptom that heralds another.
Origin: L. precursor = a forerunner top

Secretagogue
Substance that induces secretion from cells, originally applied to peptides inducing gastric and pancreatic secretion.

Somatomedins
Insulin-like polypeptides made by the liver and some fibroblasts and released into the blood when stimulated by somatotropin. They cause sulfate incorporation into collagen, RNA, and DNA synthesis, which are prerequisites to cell division and growth of the organism. top

Somatostatin
Gastrointestinal and hypothalmic peptide hormone (two forms: 14 and 28 residues), found in gastric mucosa, pancreatic islets, nerves of the gastrointestinal tract, in posterior pituitary and in the central nervous system. Inhibits gastric secretion and motility: in hypothalamus/pituitary inhibits somatotropin release. top

Somatotrophin
Growth hormone, somatotropin. top

Somatotropin-releasing hormone
Hypothalamic peptide that regulates the synthesis and secretion of somatotropin in the anterior pituitary gland. top

Somatotropin
Hormone (191 amino acids) released by anterior pituitary that stimulates release of somatomedin, thereby causing growth. top

Somatropin
Synthetic or naturally occuring growth hormone from the human pituitary gland. It is given to children with open epiphyses for the treatment of pituitary dwarfism. Chemical name: Somatotropin (human). top
 

Draven

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Another nice find there YJ. This one goes in the old DB.
 

Biggs

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... red and everything, this one is great... always good to have these things around to say "shut up noob, go read the thing!"...
 

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