TheDarkHalf
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Nitric Oxide (NO) is used by your body to transport enhance blood flow, bring more oxygen to muscles, and transport nutrients to skeletal muscle. Attack, by Brutal Alchemy, is designed to assist your body in maximizing the effects of Nitric Oxide.
Users of Attack have reported increased muscle mass and hardness, along with a boost in strength and stamina!
But the first thing most users report is an increase in muscle fullness and a feeling of being “pumped” all the time – not just in the gym, but 24 hours a day, seven days a week! The increased feeling of being pumped is positively correlated with muscle growth. Think about it: When you train your arms, they feel pumped and full of blood – and they grow.
Ingredients in Attack have been shown to:
Enhance Nitric Oxide production
Enhance Nitric Oxide use
Increase lean body mass
Maximize blood flow
Increase nutrient uptake
Boost endurance
Increase Strength
When your body has increased nitric oxide levels, the pump you get in the gym will not only be more intense, but will last longer also. This feeling comes from an increase in blood flow to the working muscle, which is a great way to tell that Attack is working. It is well-known for that exercise increases nitric oxide output and blood flow to the area exercised, and it has recently been speculated by scientists that this is a contributing factor to increased protein synthesis -the Holy Grail of the anabolic process.
This increased pump-feeling comes directly from an increase in Nitric Oxide, which can enhance the amount of blood flow to various tissues by assisting the relaxation of tissues where blood flow isn’t needed, thereby6 allowing more blood to be secured in working muscles. More blood in the muscle will translate to increased nutrients being delivered along with enhanced cell volume.
This can assist in the anabolic (muscle-building) process by speeding recovery time and reducing the chance of under-recovery.
And because your muscles are getting more blood flowing to them, endurance levels can skyrocket. We’re not just talking about being able to do a bit more cardio, we’re talking about being able to do more reps on your sets and more sets in your workout. Often, when a set is nearing completion, it isn’t necessarily the muscles or the nervous system that causes us to fail, but rather the build up of lactic acid and the lack of oxygen getting to the muscle. While a brief power-building set of 1-3 reps might be anaerobic (done without oxygen), a set of 8-12 reps (the kind that are ideal for building muscle) is going to begin burning oxygen, and produce lactic acid.
The fewer reps and sets you are able to perform, the less ability your body has to build muscle. An increase in Nitric Oxide will help to reduce fatigue by bringing additional oxygen to the tissues, and by reducing the amount of lactic acid build-up
But that’s not all. It appears that increased in blood flow to skeletal muscle, when combined with adequate protein, can result in your muscles actually absorbing more amino acids.
When muscles absorb more amino acids, the result is an increase in both muscle fiber number and size.
Attack uses the following ingredients to enhance NO levels:
A-AKG (arginine alpha-Ketogularate) has been shown to promote growth hormone and insulin secretion as well as have anabolic effects. In a study performed at Baylor University, supplementation appeared to be safe and well tolerated, and positively influenced 1RM bench press and power performance (1). Another study found that A-AKG supplementation can increase anti-catabolic muscular response to growth hormone, insulin, and amino acid uptake (2), perhaps due to immunomodulatory effects (3-5), and therefore may be especially beneficial for athletes experiencing significantly elevated stress levels.
A-KIC (arginine Ketoisocaproate) works synergistically with A-AKG to help optimize insulin, growth hormone, and optimize food efficiency. (5)
OKG (ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate) assists the normal functioning of energy production from various substrates and has been shown in to improve strength dramatically over a six week period versus placebo (6)
OKG has demonstrated both anabolic as well as anti-catabolic effects in healthy persons in addition to individuals suffering from various types of truama (7-9).
Like other substances in Attack, this compound stimulates the release of NO, insulin and growth hormone (10,11), thus contributing to a net anabolic effect on the body, while also having the ability to raise amino acid (and metabolite) level, thereby assisting with protein synthesis.
It has also been found to reduce various catabolic indicators of protein degradation (10,11), which again, suggests a profound anti-catabolic and anabolic effect.
GAK (glutamine alpha-ketoglutarate) is glutamine bound to alpha-ketoglutarate, which research suggests may provide optimal oral bioavailability. Glutamine plays an important role in the synthesis of new muscle tissue, and is the most abundant amino acid found in human muscle tissue. Intense training can have a profound result on glutamine levels, which can be reduced as much as 50% following a workout, so it’s important to make sure you’re supplementing your glutamine levels with the best, most bioavailable form possible, to insure for maximal growth. It also plays a supporting role in the optimal use of Nitric Oxide, and helps ensure proper utilization of NO by the body
These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA (U.S. Food & Drug Administration). Our products are not intended to diagnose, cure or prevent any disease.
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References:
1. Douglas, Borsheim, and Wolfe. "Potential Ergogenic Effects of Arginine and Creatine Supplementation" J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2888S-2894S.
Nutrition. 2006 Sep;22(9):872-81.
2. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and effects on exercise performance of L-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate in trained adult men.Campbell B, Roberts M, Kerksick C, Wilborn C, Marcello B, Taylor L, Nassar E, Leutholtz B, Bowden R, Rasmussen C, Greenwood M, Kreider R.Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory at the Center for Exercise, Nutrition, and Preventative Health Research, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA.
3. Cochard A, Guilhermet R, Bonneau M. Plasma growth hormone (GH), insulin and amino acid responses to arginine with or without aspartic acid in pigs. Effect of the dose. Reprod Nutr Dev 1998 May-Jun;38(3):331-43.
4. Jeevanandam M, Petersen SR. Substrate fuel kinetics in enterally fed trauma patients supplemented with Arginine alpha ketoglutarate. Clin Nutr 1999 Aug;18(4):209-17.
5. Relative nutritional efficacy of arginine and ornithine salts of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid in traumatized rats.Jeevanandam M, Ali MR, Holaday NJ, Weis JK, Petersen SR.Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 Jun;57(6):889-96.PMID: 8503358 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
6. ROBERT D. CHETLIN, RACHEL A. YEATER, IRMA H. ULLRICH, W. GUYTON HORNSBY, JR., CARL J. MALANGA, AND RANDALL W. BRYNER. The Effect Of Ornithine Alpha-Ketoglutarate (Okg) On Healthy, Weight Trained Men. JEPonline, 3(4):37-47, 2000.
7. Cynober L., C. Coudray-Lucas, J. deBandt, J. Guechot, C. Aussel, M. Salvucci, et al. Action of ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate, ornithine hydrochloride, and calcium alpha-ketoglutarate on plasma amino acid and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects. J Am Coll Nutr. 1990:9:2-12.
8. Cynober, L. Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate in nutritional support. Nutrition 1991:7:313-322.
9. Cynober, L., M. Vaubourdolle, A. Dore, and J. Giboudeau. Kinetics and metabolic effects of orally administered ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate in healthy subjects fed with a standardized regimen. Am J Clin Nutr 1984:39:514-519.
10. Salvucci, M., L. Cynober, M. Vaubourdolle, C. Coudray-Lucas, J. Guechot, and J. Giboudeau. Glucose load modified ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate metabolism and action in healthy subjects. Clin Nutr 1987:6:79.
11. Vaubourdolle, M., A. Jardel, C. Coudray-Lucas, O.G. Ekindjian, J. Agneray, and L. Cynober. Metabolism and kinetics of parenterally administered ornithine and alpha-ketoglutarate in healthy and burned animals. Clin Nutr 1988:7:105-111.
12. Green, et. al., "Effects of exercise training on endothelium-derived nitric oxide function." J. Physiology. 2004; 561(1): 1-25
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These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA and do not constitute medical advice.
