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Bulk Super Cissus
Bulk Super Cissus is a highly focussed and effective joint, bone, and connective-tissue-supportive matrix. Benefitting from USPowders' unique herbal extraction technology and unmatched value-for-money, Bulk Super Cissus was specifically designed to deliver the following benefits, amongst others:
- Potent bone, joint, tendon, and ligament growth, regeneration, and remodeling effects
- Enhanced maintenance of connective-tissue integrity
- Powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects
- Significant anti-glucocorticoid and anti-catabolic activity
- Considerable anabolic and androgenic action
- Powerful antioxidant and lipid-profile regulating agent
- Safe and reliable herbal composition
To understand how Bulk Super Cissus elicits these results, it is useful to review the following:
Cissus quadrangularis is a multi-functional, pluripotent herb with a range of photochemical constituents that range from flavonoids, phytosterols, triterpenoids, tannins, ketosteroids, ascorbic acid, calcium, and other metabolites. [12,16]. It possesses a variety of pharmacognostic and pharmacological properties [12,16] that include analgesic [4,5], anti-osteoporotic [4], bone regeneration and bone-fracture healing [6-11], anabolic and androgenic [19-21], anti-inflammatory [13-15], anti-obesity [17], antioxidant [18], anti-hemorrhoidal, and gastroprotective activities.
Bulk Super Cissus is specifically extracted for the potent photochemical constituent, ketosterones, a central multifunctional agent in the cissus plant that possesses a variety of beneficial pharmacological properties enumerated earlier.
More specifically, recent research demonstrates that cissus not only supports pronounced expression or proliferation of bone marrow stem cells, but also promotes their differentiation as well as osteoblastogenesis (the production of osteoblasts) and the downstream calcification of bone structures. In particular, cissus has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells, enhance the differentiation of these stem mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), and ultimately trigger the calcification (as in the deposition of calcium salts in the cartilage, an important event in bone formation) of bone structures.[1] For those interested, mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated mesodermal (embryonic source of structures such as connective tissue, bone, muscle, and dermis) cells that trigger the structural production of connective tissue, bone, and cartilage (supportive connective tissue that pads the bone at the junction between bone and muscle). By enabling these proliferation and differentiation processes in specific stem cells, as well as by supporting calcification in bone structures, cissus supports the maintenance of the structural integrity of bones, with special respect to bone generation and regeneration, as well as bone healing and strengthening.
Further research support for cissus' proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization effects was provided in a 2011 study that suggests that cissus treatment achieves these effects via stimulation of DNA synthesis in human osteoblast-like cells, consequently triggering their proliferation or increased expression.[2] The same study asserts that cissus induces anabolic effects in these cells via stimulation of higher mRNA and protein expression of a transcription factor (Runx2) involved in the modulation of bone-matrix proteins. In murine models, the cissus-induced mineralization effect was shown to occur via an enrichment of alkaline phosphatase mediated by an MAPK-dependent pathway.[3] Studies on the proliferation effects of cissus on fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and chrondoblasts, as well as on its beneficial effects on bone-fracture healing postulate pathways that include an improved osteoblastic uptake of minerals (calcium, sulphur, phosphorous) as well as a stimulation of the regeneration of the chemical composition of fractured bones, with respect to collagen, phosphorous, mucopolysaccharides, and related agents.[10, 11].
Cissus' anti-inflammatory activities have also been documented [13-15]. In particular, cissus induces these actions via an inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and lipooxygenase (5-LOX) enzymatic pathways of the inflammatory cascade. The inhibition of COX-2 prevents the conversion of arachidonic acid into the pro-inflammatory agent, prostaglandin E2, that intensifies inflammation and joint destruction. Recall that, as arachidonic acid can utilize the COX-2 and the 5-LOX pathways for exerting its destructive inflammatory cascade, blocking the COX-2 pathway alone is not sufficient to halt the inflammatory effects of arachidonic acid. Fortunately, however, cissus also inhibits 5-LOX, preventing the conversion of arachidonic acid into leukotriene B4, another pro-inflammatory agent that leads to inflammation and compromised connective tissue and bone integrity.
Cissus also exerts considerable anabolic and androgenic activity, ranging from increased bone-tissue tensile strength, bone-fracture healing, and anti-glucocorticoid activity. [19-21] As is well-known, glucocorticoids activate the obiquitin-proteasome pathway, leading to the breakdown of muscle tissue. Cissus' anti-glucocorticoid and anabolic actions induce anti-catabolic (muscle-preserving) effects, supporting further anabolic processes.
So, overall, Bulk Super Cissus is a safe, reliable, and effective agent specifically engineered to deliver potent bone and connective-tissue growth, regeneration, and remodeling effects; powerful and analgesic effects; potent anti-glucocorticoid and anti-catabolic results; significant anabolic and androgenic effects; as well as pronounced antioxidant, lipolytic, and metabolic-regulating outcomes.
References
1) Bhagath, K.P., et al (2009). Petroleum Ether Extract of Cissus Quadrangularis (Linn.) Enhances Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Facilitates Osteoblastogenesis. Clinics (Sao Paulo). October; 64(10): 993–998.
2) Muthusami, S., et al (2011). Effects of cissus quadrangularis on the proliferation, differentiation and matrix mineralization of human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. J Cell Biochem. Apr;112(4):1035-45.
3) Parisuthiman, D., et al (2009). Cissus quadrangularis extract enhances biomineralization through up-regulation of MAPK-dependent alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblasts. Journal In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. Mar-Apr;45(3-4):194-200.
4) Shirwaikar A., et al (2003). Antiosteoporotic effect of ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomized rat. Journal of Ethonopharmacology, 89, 245–250.
5) Jainu M., Devi C.S.S. (2005). Attenuation of neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines by Cissus quadrangularis: a possible prevention against gastric ulcerogenesis. J Herbal Pharmacother. 5, 33-42.
6) Udupa K. N., and Prasad G. C. (1964). Further studies on the effect of Cissus quadrangularis in accelerating fracture healing, Indian J. Med. Res., 52, 26–35.
7) Sen S.P., et al (1966). Studies on the active constituents. 10 Further studies on the effect of Cissus quadrangularis in accelerating fracture healing, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 52, 26.
8) Chopra S.S., et al (1976). Studies of Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: a histopathological study, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 64(9), 1365–1368.
9) Canalis H., et al. (1998). Growth factors and the regulation on bone remodeling, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 81, 277– 281.
10. Prasad G.C., Udupa K.N. (1972). Pathways and site of action of a phytogenic steroid from Cissus quadrangularis, Journal of Research in Indian Medicine, 4, 132.
11. Udupa K.N., et al (1965). The effect of phytogenic steroid in the accleration of fracture repair, Life Science, 4, 317.
12. Mishra, G., et al. (2010). Pharmacological and Therapeutic Activity of Cissus quadrangularis: An Overview. International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN (USA): April-June, Vol.2, No.2, 1298-1310.
13. Ferrandiz M.L., Alcaraz M.J. (1991). Anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism by flavonoids, Agents and Actions. 32 (3–4), 283–288.
14. Mallika J., Shyamala Devi CS. (2006). Gastroprotective action of Cissus quadrangularis extract against NSAID induced gastric ulcer: role of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage. Biol Interact, 161, 262–70.
15. Lin, J., et al. (1999). “Preliminary screening of some traditional Zulu medicinal plant for Anti-inflammatory and Anti-microbial activity”, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 68, 267-274.
16. Justin Raj, S., Joseph, B. (2011). Pharmacognostic and traditional properties of Cissus quadrancularis Linn -An overview. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, Vol. 2,1, Jan-Mar., 131-139.
17. Oben, Kuate, Agbor, Momo, Talla (2006). The use of a Cissus quadrangularis formulation in the management of weight loss and metabolism. Institute of Medical Research & Medicinal Plant studies, Yaounde, Cameroon. Lipids in Health and Disease, 5:24
18. Jainu and C.S. Devi. (2005). In vitro and In vivo evaluation of free radical scavenging potential of Cissus quadrangularis, African Journal of Biomedical Research, 8(2), 95-99.
19. Chopra, S.S., Patel, M.R., Awadhiya, R.P. (1976). Studies of Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: a histopathological study. Indian J Med Res. Sep;64(9):1365-8.
20. Chopra, S.S., Patel, M.R., Gupta, L.P., Datta, I.C. (1975). Studies on Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: effect on chemical parameters in blood. Indian J Med Res. Jun;63(6):824-8.
21. Prasad, G.C., Udupa, K.N. (1963). Effect of Cissus Quadrangolaris on the healing of cortisone treated fractures. Indian J Med Res. Jul;51:667-76.
Bulk Super Cissus is a highly focussed and effective joint, bone, and connective-tissue-supportive matrix. Benefitting from USPowders' unique herbal extraction technology and unmatched value-for-money, Bulk Super Cissus was specifically designed to deliver the following benefits, amongst others:
- Potent bone, joint, tendon, and ligament growth, regeneration, and remodeling effects
- Enhanced maintenance of connective-tissue integrity
- Powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects
- Significant anti-glucocorticoid and anti-catabolic activity
- Considerable anabolic and androgenic action
- Powerful antioxidant and lipid-profile regulating agent
- Safe and reliable herbal composition
To understand how Bulk Super Cissus elicits these results, it is useful to review the following:
Cissus quadrangularis is a multi-functional, pluripotent herb with a range of photochemical constituents that range from flavonoids, phytosterols, triterpenoids, tannins, ketosteroids, ascorbic acid, calcium, and other metabolites. [12,16]. It possesses a variety of pharmacognostic and pharmacological properties [12,16] that include analgesic [4,5], anti-osteoporotic [4], bone regeneration and bone-fracture healing [6-11], anabolic and androgenic [19-21], anti-inflammatory [13-15], anti-obesity [17], antioxidant [18], anti-hemorrhoidal, and gastroprotective activities.
Bulk Super Cissus is specifically extracted for the potent photochemical constituent, ketosterones, a central multifunctional agent in the cissus plant that possesses a variety of beneficial pharmacological properties enumerated earlier.
More specifically, recent research demonstrates that cissus not only supports pronounced expression or proliferation of bone marrow stem cells, but also promotes their differentiation as well as osteoblastogenesis (the production of osteoblasts) and the downstream calcification of bone structures. In particular, cissus has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells, enhance the differentiation of these stem mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), and ultimately trigger the calcification (as in the deposition of calcium salts in the cartilage, an important event in bone formation) of bone structures.[1] For those interested, mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated mesodermal (embryonic source of structures such as connective tissue, bone, muscle, and dermis) cells that trigger the structural production of connective tissue, bone, and cartilage (supportive connective tissue that pads the bone at the junction between bone and muscle). By enabling these proliferation and differentiation processes in specific stem cells, as well as by supporting calcification in bone structures, cissus supports the maintenance of the structural integrity of bones, with special respect to bone generation and regeneration, as well as bone healing and strengthening.
Further research support for cissus' proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization effects was provided in a 2011 study that suggests that cissus treatment achieves these effects via stimulation of DNA synthesis in human osteoblast-like cells, consequently triggering their proliferation or increased expression.[2] The same study asserts that cissus induces anabolic effects in these cells via stimulation of higher mRNA and protein expression of a transcription factor (Runx2) involved in the modulation of bone-matrix proteins. In murine models, the cissus-induced mineralization effect was shown to occur via an enrichment of alkaline phosphatase mediated by an MAPK-dependent pathway.[3] Studies on the proliferation effects of cissus on fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and chrondoblasts, as well as on its beneficial effects on bone-fracture healing postulate pathways that include an improved osteoblastic uptake of minerals (calcium, sulphur, phosphorous) as well as a stimulation of the regeneration of the chemical composition of fractured bones, with respect to collagen, phosphorous, mucopolysaccharides, and related agents.[10, 11].
Cissus' anti-inflammatory activities have also been documented [13-15]. In particular, cissus induces these actions via an inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and lipooxygenase (5-LOX) enzymatic pathways of the inflammatory cascade. The inhibition of COX-2 prevents the conversion of arachidonic acid into the pro-inflammatory agent, prostaglandin E2, that intensifies inflammation and joint destruction. Recall that, as arachidonic acid can utilize the COX-2 and the 5-LOX pathways for exerting its destructive inflammatory cascade, blocking the COX-2 pathway alone is not sufficient to halt the inflammatory effects of arachidonic acid. Fortunately, however, cissus also inhibits 5-LOX, preventing the conversion of arachidonic acid into leukotriene B4, another pro-inflammatory agent that leads to inflammation and compromised connective tissue and bone integrity.
Cissus also exerts considerable anabolic and androgenic activity, ranging from increased bone-tissue tensile strength, bone-fracture healing, and anti-glucocorticoid activity. [19-21] As is well-known, glucocorticoids activate the obiquitin-proteasome pathway, leading to the breakdown of muscle tissue. Cissus' anti-glucocorticoid and anabolic actions induce anti-catabolic (muscle-preserving) effects, supporting further anabolic processes.
So, overall, Bulk Super Cissus is a safe, reliable, and effective agent specifically engineered to deliver potent bone and connective-tissue growth, regeneration, and remodeling effects; powerful and analgesic effects; potent anti-glucocorticoid and anti-catabolic results; significant anabolic and androgenic effects; as well as pronounced antioxidant, lipolytic, and metabolic-regulating outcomes.
References
1) Bhagath, K.P., et al (2009). Petroleum Ether Extract of Cissus Quadrangularis (Linn.) Enhances Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Facilitates Osteoblastogenesis. Clinics (Sao Paulo). October; 64(10): 993–998.
2) Muthusami, S., et al (2011). Effects of cissus quadrangularis on the proliferation, differentiation and matrix mineralization of human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. J Cell Biochem. Apr;112(4):1035-45.
3) Parisuthiman, D., et al (2009). Cissus quadrangularis extract enhances biomineralization through up-regulation of MAPK-dependent alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblasts. Journal In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. Mar-Apr;45(3-4):194-200.
4) Shirwaikar A., et al (2003). Antiosteoporotic effect of ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomized rat. Journal of Ethonopharmacology, 89, 245–250.
5) Jainu M., Devi C.S.S. (2005). Attenuation of neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines by Cissus quadrangularis: a possible prevention against gastric ulcerogenesis. J Herbal Pharmacother. 5, 33-42.
6) Udupa K. N., and Prasad G. C. (1964). Further studies on the effect of Cissus quadrangularis in accelerating fracture healing, Indian J. Med. Res., 52, 26–35.
7) Sen S.P., et al (1966). Studies on the active constituents. 10 Further studies on the effect of Cissus quadrangularis in accelerating fracture healing, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 52, 26.
8) Chopra S.S., et al (1976). Studies of Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: a histopathological study, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 64(9), 1365–1368.
9) Canalis H., et al. (1998). Growth factors and the regulation on bone remodeling, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 81, 277– 281.
10. Prasad G.C., Udupa K.N. (1972). Pathways and site of action of a phytogenic steroid from Cissus quadrangularis, Journal of Research in Indian Medicine, 4, 132.
11. Udupa K.N., et al (1965). The effect of phytogenic steroid in the accleration of fracture repair, Life Science, 4, 317.
12. Mishra, G., et al. (2010). Pharmacological and Therapeutic Activity of Cissus quadrangularis: An Overview. International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN (USA): April-June, Vol.2, No.2, 1298-1310.
13. Ferrandiz M.L., Alcaraz M.J. (1991). Anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism by flavonoids, Agents and Actions. 32 (3–4), 283–288.
14. Mallika J., Shyamala Devi CS. (2006). Gastroprotective action of Cissus quadrangularis extract against NSAID induced gastric ulcer: role of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage. Biol Interact, 161, 262–70.
15. Lin, J., et al. (1999). “Preliminary screening of some traditional Zulu medicinal plant for Anti-inflammatory and Anti-microbial activity”, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 68, 267-274.
16. Justin Raj, S., Joseph, B. (2011). Pharmacognostic and traditional properties of Cissus quadrancularis Linn -An overview. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, Vol. 2,1, Jan-Mar., 131-139.
17. Oben, Kuate, Agbor, Momo, Talla (2006). The use of a Cissus quadrangularis formulation in the management of weight loss and metabolism. Institute of Medical Research & Medicinal Plant studies, Yaounde, Cameroon. Lipids in Health and Disease, 5:24
18. Jainu and C.S. Devi. (2005). In vitro and In vivo evaluation of free radical scavenging potential of Cissus quadrangularis, African Journal of Biomedical Research, 8(2), 95-99.
19. Chopra, S.S., Patel, M.R., Awadhiya, R.P. (1976). Studies of Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: a histopathological study. Indian J Med Res. Sep;64(9):1365-8.
20. Chopra, S.S., Patel, M.R., Gupta, L.P., Datta, I.C. (1975). Studies on Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: effect on chemical parameters in blood. Indian J Med Res. Jun;63(6):824-8.
21. Prasad, G.C., Udupa, K.N. (1963). Effect of Cissus Quadrangolaris on the healing of cortisone treated fractures. Indian J Med Res. Jul;51:667-76.
