Omega-3 supplementation augments brachial artery dilation during exercise

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation augments brachial artery dilation and blood flow during exercise.

Researchers working in the United States report, "Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have beneficial effects on the heart and vasculature. We tested the hypothesis that 6 weeks of dietary supplementation with DHA (2.0 g/day) and EPA (3.0 g/day) enhances exercise-induced increases in brachial artery diameter and blood flow during rhythmic exercise."

"In seven healthy subjects, blood pressure, heart rate and brachial artery diameter, blood flow, and conductance were assessed before and during the last 30 s of 90 s of rhythmic handgrip exercise (30% of maximal handgrip tension)," wrote B. Walser and colleagues at University of California, Davis. "Blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and brachial artery vascular conductance were also determined. This paradigm was also performed in six other healthy subjects who received 6 weeks of placebo (safflower oil)."

"Placebo treatment had no effect on any variable," the investigators found. "DHA and EPA supplementation enhanced contraction-induced increases in brachial artery diameter (0.28±0.04 vs. 0.14±0.03 mm), blood flow (367±65 vs. 293±55 ml min-1) and conductance (3.86±0.71 vs. 2.89±0.61 ml min-1 mmHg-1) (p<0.05). MAP and HR were unchanged."

"Results indicate that treatment with DHA and EPA enhances brachial artery blood flow and conductance during exercise," the researchers concluded. "These findings may have implications for individuals with cardiovascular disease and exercise intolerance (e.g., heart failure)."

Walser and colleagues published their study in the European Journal of Applied Physiology (Supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids augments brachial artery dilation and blood flow during forearm contraction. Eur J Appl Physiol, 2006;97(3):347-354).

For additional information, contact C.L. Stebbins, University of California Davis, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, TB 172, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
 

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