Originally Posted by
strategicmove 
The caffeine-theophylline similarity was your preferred interpretation. I originally did not want to post a long response, but I have to do so now, in order to put a few things into proper perspective.
Theophylline was originally part of Jack3d's methylxanthine complex that, apart from the synergistic interaction with 1,3-Dimethylamylamine, collectively exerted effects related to competitive inhibition of cAMP degradation, dose-dependent phosphodiesterase (especially PDE4) inhitition, CNS stimulation (enhanced cortical arousal accompanied by greater focus and delayed fatigue), dose-dependent bronchodilation and improved ventilatory reaction in hypoxic conditions, to name a few. The capacity to induce these effects is shared by methylxantines to different extents. As a consequence, the elimination of theophylline from the blend did not result in any decipherable loss in formula potency, especially given its original per-scoop amount. That was my intenden point!
Put differently, methylxanthines (caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline), under certain circumstances, deliver synergistic effects. Yet, they are not equally important in every application. Theophylline certainly played a role in the original formula. However, testing revealed that the formula without it produced comparable results, especially because caffeine alone still demonstrated considerable synergistic action with 1,3-Dimethylamylamine.
So, due to the small amount of theophylline originally used, coupled with the fact that caffeine, following its synergistic interaction with 1,3-Dimethylamylamine, could exert comparable effects in the formula without theophylline, the elimination of theophylline was not at the expense of formula potency.
In any case, because theophylline exerts bronchodilatory effects as the major therapeutic action in asthmatic conditions, only users with an asthma condition might have noticed a difference (in a neutral sense) between the old and new formulas. From our point of view, however, there should be no difference in effectiveness of the versions, and the current formula is better.
The tests we conducted prior to the removal of theophylline did not suggest any reduction in effectiveness. On the contrary, the product was rated as just as effective, or even better, than the theophylline version. This feedback also reflected our original expectation regarding the formula improvements. In particular, the amounts of arginine alpha ketoglutarate (AAKG) and beta-alanine were increased after the first run to ensure users obtained adequate amounts of these agents from two scoops, rather than three scoops as in the original formula. This made Jack3d even more potent. Subsequently, the methylxanthine, theophylline, was removed, especially to avoid any potential conflicts with the FDA. The synergistic interaction between caffeine and geranium, however, ensured that this formula change was not accompanied by any loss in potency. Furthermore, with the removal of theophylline, the amounts of creatine and schisandrol A were increased, ensuring the delivery of an even better product overall.
. There is no way Jacked could use this ingredient at an effective dose and keep its current price. 
